Success of populism: Unfulfilled pledges of liberal democracy

In the era of rapid digital transformation, the democratic landscape has undergone significant changes, necessitating innovative approaches to empower ordinary citizens and counter the rise of populism.

A prominent figure in European politics, Jean-Marie Le Pen, lived to the age of 96, marking a significant chapter in the continent's political history. However, in recent years, nativist populists have gained considerable power in Central and Eastern Europe, Italy, the Netherlands, Austria, France, and potentially the United States. This shift in power has raised concerns about the erosion of liberal democracy.

Cas Mudde, a renowned populism expert, argues that as liberal democracy erodes, the demand for populist politicians rises. Over sixty percent of Europeans admitted they "tend not to trust" their democratically elected national governments and parliaments, according to a credible poll. Power has shifted from traditional democratic institutions to informal networks that have capitalized on the digital revolution.

In response to these challenges, several democratic reforms and innovations have been introduced. One such initiative is the adoption of Digital Government Strategies, where governments worldwide aim to improve their operations and interactions with citizens, promoting transparency, efficiency, and inclusion in the digital era.

There is also a growing emphasis on expanding political participation through digital media, transforming political engagement into a continuum of activities facilitated by social media. Efforts to mitigate risks associated with new technologies, such as AI-driven misinformation or voter disenfranchisement, have prompted calls for nuanced approaches that balance technological capabilities with social and political realities.

The notions of a social contract or national interest have become almost virtual in the current digital age. To combat incremental election subversion, democratic reforms increasingly focus on detecting and countering these subtle, gradual erosion tactics. Moreover, advances in quantitative research on democracy and nonviolent conflict have informed reforms by identifying patterns of democratic resilience and backsliding.

These reforms are part of broader attempts to modernize democratic systems by integrating digital governance, expanding democratic participation through new media, protecting the electoral process from technological threats, and grounding reforms in data-driven insights. However, the outcomes remain mixed and ongoing, with challenges posed by authoritarian tendencies and the complex effects of emerging technologies.

As the world continues to operate at the speed of the internet, the current pace of democracy is too slow. The demand for populist politicians may continue to rise if liberal democracy fails to adapt effectively to the digital age. It is crucial to strike a balance between preserving democratic values and embracing technological advancements to ensure a vibrant and inclusive digital democracy.

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