Scoliosis: Information onsymptoms, causes, and available treatments
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a common condition that causes the spine to curve abnormally to one side, often during the later stages of childhood or early teenage years. The treatment options for AIS depend on the severity of the curvature and may include observation, bracing, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgery.
## Treatment Options for AIS
### Observation For curves less than 20°, observation is typically the first approach, involving regular check-ups and X-rays to monitor the curve's progression.
### Bracing For curves between 25° and 40°, bracing is often recommended if the curve is progressive. Braces, such as the thoracolumbosacral orthotic (TLSO), are designed to prevent the curve from worsening during growth. The ScoliBrace is a newer option that uses 3D corrective technology. Braces are worn for a significant portion of the day, typically 23 hours for full-time bracing, and help decrease the likelihood of needing surgery.
### Physical Therapy Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE) are recommended for curves under 25° and often used in conjunction with bracing for curves above 25°. These exercises aim to improve posture and reduce curve progression.
### Surgery For curves above 45° or 50°, surgery is usually recommended for severe cases where the curve is likely to continue worsening, even after skeletal maturity, or if there is significant pain or quality of life issues.
## Multimodal Approach A multimodal approach, incorporating bracing, physical therapy, and spinal rehabilitation, can be effective in reducing the curve and avoiding surgery for more severe cases. This approach allows for customized treatment plans tailored to the individual's condition and needs.
It is essential to note that chiropractic treatment may be used to relieve the pain and discomfort of scoliosis, but it does not resolve the curvature of the spine. Additionally, a doctor will only recommend spinal fusion if they expect the benefits to outweigh the risks, which include rod displacement, pseudarthrosis, infection, nerve damage, and the need for a neurosurgeon during surgery.
Scoliosis may not always be noticeable, but some people may lean to one side, have uneven shoulders, or hips due to the curve of the spine. Research suggests that exercises may help treat scoliosis, but more research is needed to determine which exercises are most effective. The condition is more common in females than in males, and the risk factors for scoliosis include age, gender, genetics, and certain medical conditions.
If you or someone you know is concerned about scoliosis, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Early detection and intervention can help manage the condition effectively and prevent complications in the future.
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