Measles cases in Russia are expected to increase in 2024.

Russia Experiences Largest Measles Outbreak in 30 Years, Prompting Immediate Response

Russia faced its largest measles outbreak in 30 years in 2024, with a staggering 22,400 cases reported – a figure 11 times higher than the annual average since 2012 [1]. The majority of these cases were among children under the age of 18, with many being infants under one year old. The outbreak was most concentrated in Moscow and the Republic of Dagestan [1].

The surge in measles cases is partly attributed to vaccination gaps and the presence of unvaccinated populations. According to the data, fatalities and severe cases occurred among unvaccinated children [1]. Although Russia's overall measles vaccination coverage had been above 95% in previous years, the outbreak indicates regional or demographic gaps in immunity that allowed measles to spread [4].

To combat the spread, Russia took several measures. Rapid immunization campaigns targeting the population, especially children and migrant workers who were previously unvaccinated or had not had the disease, were implemented [1]. Additionally, 74.3% of the vaccination plan was completed over six months, and 50.4% of revaccinations were carried out, helping stabilize the epidemic situation [1]. Anti-epidemic and preventive measures were coordinated by Rospotrebnadzor, the federal agency responsible for disease control in Russia [1].

The incidence rate of whooping cough in 2024 was 1.6 times lower than in 2023 but 4.5 times higher than the average multi-year level. Cases of whooping cough were registered in all Russian regions except the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug [1].

Meanwhile, Russia has been free from endemic rubella since 2017, and only 258 cases of rubella were registered in 2024. Measles, being the most infectious virus in human history, is a more significant concern due to its potential for rapid spread and severe complications [5].

Doctors in Moscow warned about measles cases via SMS or phone, advising immediate vaccination. Unfortunately, four fatal cases of measles occurred among unvaccinated children in Russia in 2024 [1].

Summary Table:

| Aspect | Details | |-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| | Cases in 2024 | 22,400 measles cases, 11 times above average since 2012 | | Age group most affected | Children under 18 (67%), majority under 1 year | | Main outbreak areas | Moscow and Republic of Dagestan | | Deaths | 4 unvaccinated children | | Vaccination status | Significant gaps in unvaccinated populations | | Response measures | Mass immunization campaigns, revaccination, anti-epidemic actions | | Vaccination coverage status | 74.3% plan completion over 6 months; 72% plan fulfilled in 2025 cleansing immunization | | Whooping cough cases | Registered in all Russian regions except Chukotka AO | | Rubella cases | 258 cases in 2024 |

These details demonstrate a serious measles outbreak addressed by prompt public health responses focused on immunization and prevention [1]. The key measure to combat measles is prevention, as there is no specific treatment for it [6]. Moscow residents received invitations for measles vaccination in mid-May, emphasizing the ongoing effort to control the outbreak.

The health care sector in Russia was tested when it faced the largest measles outbreak in 30 years in 2024.
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